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Frbiz.com Reports The International Competitiveness Of China's Wood-Based Panel Industry

  (A) With regard to natural resources,

China is the world's wood-based panel producer. While the wood-based panel industry, which really belong to resource-dependent industries. Lack of domestic natural resource endowment, international environmental voice of the grim situation caused by imports of raw materials and the upsurge in tension between social needs, determine the limitations of China's wood-based panel industry and enterprise to survive the difficult nature. Wood-based panel highlight the lack of wood raw material reflected in the following aspects: 1. As the natural forest protection project in the implementation of major ecological engineering, China's timber production is gradually reduced; 2. Resources of structural deficiency: Plywood with large diameter class material, hardwood timber, especially valuable hardwood, are alarmingly scarce. For a long time mainly depend on import. Large-diameter grade hardwood, mainly from Africa, Latin America, Southeast Asia and other regions, but in these areas in recent years, a sharp decline of tropical timber resources.

3. Raw material base construction: Although China's fast growing forest base construction in the 20th century and the mid-80s has been rapid development. But they are concentrated in a number of ecologically sensitive areas not suitable to provide timber. Another. As the paper raw material swallowed by the rapid development of the wood shortage of raw materials needed for the conflict intensified. Lack of resources led to our logs, plywood and other timber prices above world market average. For wood-based panels in a low-profit status of the whole industry is concerned, the narrow room for downward movement with the high cost of making the development of wood-based panel industry are severely constrained, in the competition in a very unfavorable position. Raw material shortage is affecting the international competitiveness of China's wood-based panel industry, the most important disadvantage factor.

(B) With regard to labor costs

Although wages in recent years, China's labor situation analysis, labor costs increase year by year, but our wood-based panel industry's employment, total wages and average annual wage Jun Cheng a decreasing trend. In 2005, for example, China's wood processing and bamboo and rattan palm grass products industry practitioners and workers in the post than that in 2004 a decrease of 0.1%, compared to 2003 decreased by 0.16% and 0.14%: the average annual wage of workers employed is only 8739 yuan , while in 2003 an increase of more than 0.16%, but still at a very low level. In general, the labor costs in developed countries 1 / 10.

Plywood with a labor-intensive features such as primary processing of products and low-end products have obvious advantages. However, with India, Pakistan, Indonesia and other countries compared to recent years, China's wage cost advantage is gradually lost. Moreover, with today's demanding noise to improve the labor remuneration, labor costs, labor force growth rate has made the prospect of advantage is not optimistic.

(C) With regard to the quality of labor

While the world's wood-based panel industries are capital-and technology-intensive industries, but China's wood-based panel industry demands for the quality of labor is not low, which is the status of wood-based panel industries are inseparable. China's wood-based panel industry in order to really gain international competitive advantage, must be formed through the integration of labor resources, human capital, depend on the labor force, labor skills, diligence, organizational discipline, capacity for cooperation and innovation, etc. to enhance the overall quality, enhance enterprise management and R & D efforts. At present, China and the world a big gap between labor productivity between the developed countries. As a whole belongs to inefficient structure.

Although our human capital, low price, but because of human capital in these projects, the proportion of total product cost is generally about 15%. Therefore, low efficiency offset some or all of the advantages of human capital, and efficiency are often the contribution to employment costs. Thus, a shift to the efficiency of the industrial structure means that remodeling lumber industry.

(D) With regard to capital

China's wood-based panel industry has been insufficient capital investment, capital intensity is low, and capital strength weaker. For example, enterprises in developed countries in R & D capital investment is generally 5% to about 10% higher high-tech enterprises R & D investment, China's overall R & D investment of less than 1%, and wood processing enterprises with fewer R & D capital investment. You want by controlling the resources required to reduce product costs, ensuring the product research and development, quality improvement, technological innovation, scale, marketing, etc. have a greater investment, so as to effectively enhance the international competitiveness of wood-based panels is very difficult.

(5) With regard to science and technology

For a long time, China's wood-based panel of science and technology innovation focused on universities and research institutes, enterprises have been marginalized, especially the enterprise's own human resources, and research and development capacities are weak, innovation environment and conditions affected by a number of factors. China's wood-based panel equipment manufacturers in the production scale, automatic monitoring, testing and automation and control, with the substantial gap between the international level, particularly in the host device and key technology innovation and lack of capacity, long-term follow-up and imitation at the level of, the lack of its own core technology. At present, the new large-scale continuous press production lines to rely on imports.

China's and Asia's largest continuous press production line in 2006 was put into operation in Sanming City in Fujian Province, the largest sub-Wood (Fujian) Co., Ltd. introduced particleboard production line of annual capacity of 450,000 cubic meters, compared to the world's most advanced particle board production line 70 million cubic meters of annual production capacity for the gap is huge.

(Vi) With regard to product mix

At present, China's wood-based panel product structure is not entirely reasonable, it is difficult to adapt to changing market demands: high quality large-diameter class proportion of wood as raw material of plywood too large. Accounted for 40% of total wood-based panel. While the world average is only about 30% : The harvesting and processing residues, urban waste wood as raw material, the proportion of smaller particle board. only 9% of the total world average of about 35%: OSB, high-performance composite panels, no glue wood-based panels, non-timber resources and crop straw board products such as the ratio is low; special purpose board, special size board, sheet molding board and environment-friendly production of small, wood-based panel industry in China is not conducive to a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development.

This situation not only impede the use of the product areas to expand and prolong service life, but also a direct impact on the improvement of economic efficiency of enterprises. It should be clear that, with the relevant policies of adjustment and market demand, China's wood-based panel will produce a significant change in product mix, new products, new resources will be one after another. To promote a variety of functional, structural use panels kinds of further development, plywood, fibreboard, particleboard and other wood-based panels in the proportion of wood-based panel production will gradually tend to rationalize.

(Vii) With regard to the scale of production

China's current plywood is about more than 6,000 enterprises, of which 90% of the size of the annual output of 10,000 cubic meters below, only a few to reach an annual output of 20,000 cubic meters or more. Cottage factories spring up all over, companies with low productivity, small scale, with China's wood-based panel industry, lack of funds, technical level and backward are mutually reinforcing. Small Business Sales income is low. Underfunded. Are able to introduce advanced technology and equipment, while the backward technology and equipment can not be achieved naturally large-scale operation, extremely low cost. Therefore, the enterprises do not possess the necessary economies of scale. Industry, the lack of a super-competitive industry giant, can not be achieved double internal and external economies of scale, restricting the international competitiveness of China's wood-based panel industry, upgrade a key factor.

(Viii) With regard to product brands

For a long time, due to production and operation management of non-standard and market disorder, China's wood-based panel of counterfeit products flooding. Violation of the norms manufacturers and consumers. Industry-wide quality assurance system is not perfect, products, reputation and market share of lower corporate image poor, less-known brands such as a serious problem. However, steady progress in recent years, as wood-based panel industry, enterprises are gradually strengthening brand awareness: as in the production of medium / high density fiberboard as the representative of the Zhejiang Beauty, Luyuan and other enterprises in the whole industry in order to form a certain scale and impact of the industry. has entered a positive phase of development.

In plywood production. Rise of the Zhejiang Province in order to Naruhito Group, Germany and China Bunny or Huayun Feng, Hangzhou Huahai, Zhong-Lin (Southern Star) Wood, Shigetomo timber, Nagata wood, and a group has a leading role in the peer's enterprises in a container floor with plywood, decorative plywood, Blockboard, the structure of the strong connection with the plywood. "Famous brand strategy" as an effective means of achieving high value-added, is gradually becoming China's wood-based panel enterprises for the international market, a useful weapon to gain a competitive edge.

(Ix) With regard to the domestic market demand

The long-term stable growth of China's national economy, GDP continued to increase the total, the state continued to expand domestic demand and adopt a proactive fiscal policy, the quality of life has improved steadily, the domestic demand for wood-based panel continued to rise. The development of the west, the rise of Central China city group, the coastal provinces to promote the construction of small cities and towns, the Three Gorges project and the implementation of water diversion, institutions of higher education enrollment. A large number of agricultural population stationed in cities and towns, making the development of a fast track construction, furniture, flooring and other wood products consumption is skyrocketing. In addition, China's rising affluence of farmers also makes furniture consumption has skyrocketed. Wood-based panel market prospects for China's wood-based panel enterprises to provide a good market environment. A more vigorous domestic market demand is the development of China's wood-based panel industry an advantage.

(10) With regard to environmental issues

From the mid-80s since the last century, China's wood-based panel industry, expanded the size of at least 25 times (in yield terms). However, greeted not only thriving industry picture, as well as wood-based panel production on the surrounding environment caused by pollution, mainly noise, odor, dust, and sewage and other four major problems. With its continued growth and exports increase every year, people's attention is no longer confined to production, quality, and direct economic benefit, and not only focus on the discussion of resource and energy issues, the "green plywood" The problem is affecting their The crux of the competitiveness of the new.

Third, the international competitiveness of China's wood-based panel industry, the upgrading strategy

With the global trend of economic integration deepens, the international mobility of forest resources increased significantly. These examples show that the global resource integration environment, raising the industry's competitive edge is to enhance the international competitiveness of China's wood-based panel industry, the foundation: China's wood-based panel will determine the competitiveness of industrial products in international market share. Of China's wood-based panel industry in order to achieve international competitiveness-oriented strategic shift, there are seven strategies to choose from.

(A) large-scale business strategy

At present, the tide of global economic integration to make a "strategic cooperative competition," gradually replaced the "exclusive competition" become the main mode of competition.然而. Development model of China's wood-based panel industry is in a state of internal friction: The internal business interests-driven scattered strong tendency to maximize individual interests, it is difficult for the industrial upgrading and to providing a comprehensive power, would lead to unsustainable industrial development. Therefore, we must take advantage of market mechanisms, between the upstream and downstream businesses, the same level between enterprises, leading enterprises and other enterprises and between enterprises of China's wood-based panel with similar foreign companies or even between the wood-based panel business enterprises and other industries The strategic collaboration between the competition to build strategic alliances with each other to learn advanced technologies and management methods. co-ordination, co-ordination, to make up their own inadequacies and strengthen their own advantages, and ultimately improve the overall strength of industry to jointly guide the promotion of wood-based panel industry the overall development. Should be implemented industry cluster strategy, to develop characteristics of wood-based panel industry town.

This strategy has been a successful example: Pizhou City is located in the northern part of Jiangsu Province, wood-based panels industry started in the 20th century, the early 90s, is currently the city a total of more than 3,000 types of wood-based panels business, of which more than 300 deep-processing enterprises, large-scale more than 150 companies. has a fairly complete equipments more than 700 production lines of output in Jiangsu Province accounted for 1 / 2, the product exported to Japan, Korea, Europe, America, Middle East and other countries and regions, formed more than 150 medium-sized enterprises , more than 300 mainly small businesses, more than 2,500 small single-plate plant, the core MILL, glue factory, machine factory made, supplemented by gathering a large-scale wood-based panel manufacturing concentration and gradually change from extensive to intensive production of production change.

Wood-based panel industry, when they should take the group conditions of the road. At present, China Wood-based panel of private enterprises mainly through reorganization, merger, joint, bankruptcy, debt to equity, as well as the development of a diversified economy ingredients absorbed by means of the formation of large enterprise groups, economies of scale, to economic and technical as a link, complementary advantages, promote enterprise reform and vigorously promote the fundamental shift of economic growth, rapidly expanding industry, strength, enhance their competitiveness.

(B) the export market selection strategy

Wood-based panel exports from the overall layout of view, China's plywood exports of space to Asia, North America and Europe, mainly in which plywood and fibreboard Asia and North America, mainly in Asia and Europe-based particleboard: Asia region with countries in Southeast Asia , district-based. mainly the United States, North America, Europe, the Russian-based. In general, the export destinations of China's wood-based panel single, export concentration, a higher risk in international trade.

Therefore, the formulation of wood-based panel trade policy on the one hand, the depth of space to expand existing markets, improve product share of existing markets: Male on the one hand to consolidate and strengthen the existing international market, the efforts to open up new markets. to change the export destination and export a single centralized features, optimize the export space layout, reducing the risk of international trade. Import and export of wood-based panel products in the market, the choice should be based on the geographical advantage in China's eastern and coastal areas will be divided into several sub-markets, partition attack.

1. In the Northeast (Heilongjiang, Inner Mongolia, etc.) is an important forest industrial base for the Russian and Eastern European countries can make full use of the target market of industrial structure malformations. A shortage of light industrial products, forest resource-rich features to import logs and primary processed products mainly. At the same time can be used in the Northeast edge of raw materials, proximity to the establishment of wood-based panel production base and increase wood-based panel products to the above objectives the country's exports: 2. The east coast of funds, transport, information and human resources, etc. and strength of wood-based panel strong demand for the product, such a high level of demand in the region can promote the rapid development of wood-based panel production will help further strengthen cooperation with North America (including the United States and Canada, etc.) of the trade, while the main force should be resources invested in developing Oceania import market and Western European export market for finished products; 3. should focus on strengthening the linkages with the Southeast Asian region.

(C) the industrial core of the selection strategy

Chinese wood-based panel industry is composed of a number of distinctive sub-industry. These sub-industry in the international competitive edge of the contribution made by the entire industry is different. Determine the leading industry is one of the most important industrial policy: First, fiber as a new focus. Fibreboard industry is not present, China's international competitiveness in Asia the most wood-based panel industry. Market share in the "three board" in the location in the middle. However, since 2000 began to adjust their international competitive advantage of increased international competitive advantage has become pronounced, completed from import-oriented type of mutation to the trade balance, and export-led development.

Second, the development of plywood for wood-based panel industry, the anchor. Plywood is now China's major wood-based panel industry's most competitive industries, has maintained a relatively high share of international markets, compared to other wood-based panel products are concerned for our country. Plywood export revealed comparative advantages are obvious, vast room for growth. Has close to export-oriented industries. Output and export volume increased year by year in the international market, an extremely important position. With plywood as the anchor of China's wood-based panel industry. Is determined by its deep historical roots, highlighting the performance of industrial competition and excellent industrial competitiveness by decision.

3 is a particle board for the development of a new entry point for wood-based panel industry. Particleboard as a family, one of the main wood-based panel board species, compared with the other wood-based panels, has produced a relatively small investment, energy consumption and low cost, less demanding on the quality of wood raw material and other advantages. In recent years around the world, especially in North America and Europe to become the fastest growing new board kinds of wood-based panels. At present, China has entered a period of rapid development of particleboard production. In the near future, particleboard wood-based panel industry in China will be a place and have made significant development.

(D) raw material supply expansion strategies

China's wood-based panel industry, the market plenty of room for great demand. To increase the effective supply the biggest problem is resources. To solve the problem: First, we must attach importance to nurturing the development of reserve resources and accelerating the "Lin board integration" process, to encourage enterprises to raw material forest base Wood-based panel to synchronize the planning and construction simultaneously. Take the "forest board integration" path. That The wood-based panels to create a large scale enterprises belonging to the enterprise since the industrial raw material forest, and to ensure high input, high survival and high returns, to make a scientific upbringing, fine work, careful management. Can take the following pattern: 1. Business model of self-built base of raw materials.

2. Joint venture joint-stock business model. 3. Business and foresters contract-style model. The second is to increase efforts to develop overseas resources: to persist in implementing the "going out" strategy to increase overseas development of forestry resources, in order to alleviate the situation of China's raw material shortage and to ensure the rapid development of China's wood-based panel industry, provides a new way of thinking. Third, strengthening the conservation and utilization of forest resources, efficient use: through the development of non-veneer-based wood-based panels, improve product life, indirectly, reduce resource consumption, development of bamboo and wood waste products and waste of resources re-use wood-based panel technology. Development of the cycle economy and achieve sustainable development, a necessary requirement, but also to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises an effective way.

At the same time, actively support the non-wood materials, wood-based panel production as raw materials, mainly including bamboo, agricultural residues, straw and sand shrubs, and other inorganic or organic materials. Government initiatives to encourage waste processing and utilization of resources, on the one hand policy tilt. Through economic levers to a certain amount of subsidies to farmers so that farmers take the initiative to provide agricultural residues to the factory: the other hand, through tax policies to encourage in different crops producing areas, the establishment of the proper size, and reasonable layout of various types of wood-based panel business. Enhanced waste processing and utilization of resources.

(E) technological advances Strategy

For a long time, China's middle and low wood-based panel industries are relying on low-cost products in the market competitive advantage. However, accession to the WTO, the middle and low head increasingly fierce competition in wood-based panel products, conventional products, profit margins have been compressed to the limit. At the same time, trade protectionism as a very inconsistent with the WTO's long-standing phenomenon in world trade. This will require the number of wood-based panel industry in the past will be transferred to the expansion of the development model to improve the quality of the development track. While technological innovation is the only way to achieve this shift.

First of all. Establish and improve the wood-based panel industry science and technology investment system and improve the technological changes in the proportion of investment in fixed assets, broadening financing channels, to increase capital investment and technological progress: Secondly, backward equipment to be regularly modified or eliminated, and continuously improve the equipment The level of automation to ensure that products of low-input, low-cost, high-yield. Third, timely adjustments to production processes. To promote the comprehensive utilization of timber increased: four plywood in the construction market is the increasing application of efforts to develop and broaden application areas. Great efforts to develop alternative natural large-diameter timber board-level kinds, various functional and structure of the species with the board to promote industrial upgrading; 5 is to enhance independent innovation capability as the central link in readjusting the industrial structure. upgrading of industrial technology, establish a business-oriented, market-oriented production and research combining technical innovation system great efforts to improve the original innovation, integrated innovation capability and the introduction of digestion and absorption ability to innovate. enhance the industry as a whole technology.

Specific strategies include: small business model - due to technical weakness, can be used, "the introduction, digestion, absorption, re-innovation" model to avoid the passive situation. Medium-sized models - because of technical strength, capital strength Deng Jun stronger than small businesses, with universities, research institutes and scientific research base to achieve a common form of independent innovation. Large-scale business model - set up an innovation center. Abundant capital companies introduce international advanced experimental equipment and high-level scientific and technological personnel to provide the conditions for experimental conditions with the enterprise's own R & D team, mature and self-growth, enterprises can independently conduct original scientific research, developing the world's leading new products, new processes, by applying for patents to form national or international companies a unique intellectual property. and thus the formation of corporate non-tradable and non-imitation of the unique competitive advantage.

(6) Green Development Strategy

At present, many of our low-quality wood-based panel products, cheap, waste resources, pollute the environment. Has seriously hampered the growth of export trade. It raises concerns for environmental protection. In the international market in order to maintain market share. In addition to the State continue to improve the environmental mechanism, give appropriate preferential treatment. The strategy of the enterprise itself but also to make corresponding adjustments. For example, the promotion of green production, develop green products, to green design. In the production process saving and efficient use of resources and energy. Great efforts to develop environmentally friendly, low cost, excellent quality, in line with international environmental standards for green wood-based panel products.

The same time, some due to the low level of processing of wood-based panel causing serious air pollution enterprises should deal with in order to stop production. Another example of a green marketing. Green marketing, also known as environmental or ecological marketing, marketing, and it is the wave of green consumerism in the global developed a kind of marketing techniques. In the green marketing, the "affordable" is no longer the only option for consumers, a product's environmental image and corporate environmental credibility will become more important. Therefore, enterprises should establish the products and companies "green image" as an international marketing strategy, an important component. Establish a good green corporate image. So take advantage of consumers concerned about the ecological and psychological protection of the environment. Expand the enterprise's international market share.

Green trade barriers in developed countries is non-tariff barriers of trade restrictions on exports from developing countries, but also the promotion of human health and sustainable social development as a operational mechanism. In order to enhance business-to "green trade barriers duality," awareness of laws and policies the government should provide support and guidance in many areas, the main entry points including: strengthening macro-control: as quickly as possible to establish and improve environmental protection laws and regulations system, strengthen law enforcement: development policy formulation and environmental construction requirements, combining: the establishment of early warning mechanism of green barriers, improve the green barrier and Technology Index System: the use of WTO mechanisms for actively respond to the green barriers.

(Vii) security system and improve the strategy

In order to protect the international competitiveness of China's wood-based panel industry, the effective promotion, the Government should promptly adjust and improve the industrial policy system. Try to sync with the market changes, in order to achieve wood-based panel of regional distribution companies and product structure more reasonable, from the macro to guide enterprises with the development of the market the development. First, wood-based panel of leading enterprises through supportive policies, actively promote the company with a base, the base mode of operation with farmers to promote industrial-scale wood-based panels and specialized, intensive development; the establishment of forestry industry development fund to encourage and support the man-made plate leading enterprises to expand production scale and famous quality products production: through interest payments on loans to support enterprises to improve technology and equipment standards, and expand business scale and raw material forest base construction to give full play to leading enterprises and stimulating effects of radiation.

The second is to accelerate the pace of adoption of international standards, improve the standard system of wood-based panel. China's wood-based panel of national standards with European standards or internationally accepted standards, such as the British standard, American standard, Germany standard, Japanese standard there is a gap. Adoption of international standards is the Chinese enterprises to participate in international competition in the market needs, but also to break down foreign technical barriers to trade an effective tool. Third, give full play to the role of trade associations. Enterprises as market entities directly involved in the domestic and international free trade. A lot of problems can not be solved a single enterprise, and therefore must rely on industry associations. China's forestry industry trade association class should give full play to its coordination function. To strengthen the industry's domestic and foreign markets business information and technical information collection, analysis, and finishing, reflecting the aspirations of the industry. The global and national development situation and trend of timely information to all of the industry enterprise. organization of domestic and foreign companies involved in the important and timely exhibition and other activities. to help Chinese enterprises to establish their own brand wood-based panels, wood-based panel to promote and guide the Chinese enterprises to go global.

In short, to enhance the international competitiveness of China's wood-based panel industry, it is necessary to consolidate existing strengths: Through industry collaboration, industrial concentration and the consolidation of the Group strategy of cost-price advantage: diversification through trade patterns and export market selection strategy for the consolidation of the demand advantage: to Fibreboard of wood-based panel industry through the development of a new focus to the development of plywood for wood-based panel industry, the anchor, to particleboard for wood-based panel industry, the new entry point for the development of strategies for the Industry Choice for outstanding core competitive advantages; The second is to reverse the current weakness : Based on the raw material supply strategy, enterprise promotion strategy, the green strategy and industrial policies to adjust the system to achieve a competitive disadvantage to improve or reverse the industrial purpose.
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